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Unemployment = Number of unemployed persons × 100
rate (%) Labour force

Underemployment rate

The number of underemployed persons comprise those who are
employed during the reference period (07 days prior to the time of observation)
satisfy all three of the following criteria:

a) They actually did all the work less than 35 hours per week.
b) They desire to work extra hours, ie: they wish to do one (or more) jobs
to increase working hours; wish to replace one of the current job(s) with another
job that can increase working hours; wish to increase the working hours of one of
the current jobs or a combination of the 3 aforementioned desires.

c) They are willing to work extra time, ie: in the coming time (for example
next week) if there is a job opportunity, they are willing to work extra hours.

Underemployment rate is the indicator expressing the rate between the
number of underemployed persons and the employed person.

Formula:

Underemployment = Number of under-employed persons × 100
rate (%) Total number of employed persons

Percentage of informal employed workers

Informal employed workers (informal workers) are those who have jobs
in one of the following five groups: (i) Unpaid family workers; (ii) Own-
account workers, self-employed workers in the informal sector; (iii) Wage
worker who are not allowed to sign a labor contract or are allowed to sign a
labor contract but their compulsory social insurance premiums are not paid by
the recruitment establishment; (iv) Cooperative members who do not pay
compulsory social insurance; (v) Self-employed or wage workers in households
or agriculture, forestry and fishery households.

Workers in the agriculture, forestry and fishery households.

Informal employment rate is the ratio of the number of informal
employed persons to the total number of employed persons.

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